Materiais radioativos de ocorrência natural em materiais de construção - potenciais fontes geológicas e risco radiológico ao ambiente construído
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46421/enarc.v9i1.6911Palavras-chave:
NORM, Materiais Radioativos de Ocorrência Natural, Minerais radioativos, Construção civil, Ambiente construídoResumo
Materiais radioativos de ocorrência natural (NORM) são representados pelos radionuclídeos U-238; Th-232; K-40 e sua prole radiogênica e são verdadeiros riscos ao ambiente construído se não forem devidamente monitorados. NORM estão presentes em diversas matrizes geológicas podendo inclusive serem concentrados/diluídos por processos tecnológicos industriais, como no caso da construção civil. Torna-se frequente, tanto para as novas como nas clássicas tecnologias construtivas, a incorporação de minerais e fragmentos de rocha para aferir desejáveis características ao produto final (e.g. obras de cantaria, argamassa e concreto, bem como alguns geopolímeros). Um fator crítico, e corriqueiramente ignorado, é que as ocorrências de NORM nestes insumos geológicos incorporados podem carrear um risco radiológico para a construção civil e o pouco referencial teórico sobre o tema corrobora para o problema. Do exposto, este trabalho revisa as potenciais fontes geológicas de NORM para os materiais de construção, bem como discute respectivas implicações para o ambiente construído.
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