Avaliação do ciclo de vida de LC³ com lodo de estação de tratamento de água
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46421/euroelecs.v6.7927Palavras-chave:
Avaliação de ciclo de vida, LC³+, Economia circular, Cimento ecoeficiente, CLETAResumo
A economia circular surge como estratégia essencial diante da crise climática, contribuindo para mitigar impactos ambientais e apoiar os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Nesse contexto, a indústria do cimento busca reduzir o teor de clínquer por meio da incorporação de materiais cimentícios suplementares. Este estudo avalia a sustentabilidade ambiental de um cimento LC³ modificado (LC³+), no qual parte da argila calcinada é substituída por cinza de lodo de Estação de Tratamento de Água (CLETA). Diante das elevadas emissões de CO₂ na produção de cimento Portland, a aplicação de resíduos calcinados se apresenta como alternativa estratégica. Para quantificar os impactos da nova formulação, foi realizada uma Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), do tipo “creadle-to-gate”, com apoio do Sistema de Informação do Desempenho Ambiental da Construção (Sidac). Os resultados apontam reduções de 35% nas emissões de CO₂ e de 32% na demanda de energia primária em relação ao CPV. A inclusão do CLETA contribui para a valorização de resíduos, conservação de recursos e redução da pegada de carbono. Dessa forma, o LC³+ com lodo calcinado configura-se como solução promissora alinhada à economia circular na construção civil.
Referências
ABCP - ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE CIMENTO PORTLAND. Panorama do coprocessamento 2023 (Ano base 2022). São Paulo: ABCP, 2023.
AHMAD, T. et al. Characterization of water treatment sludge and its reuse as coagulant. Journal of Environmental Management, v. 182, p. 606–611, 2016.
AHMAD, T.; AHMAD, K.; ALAM, M. Characterization of Water Treatment Plant ’s Sludge and its Safe Disposal Options. Procedia Environmental Sciences, v. 35, p. 950–955, 2016.
ANTONI, M. Investigation of cement substitution by blends of calcined clays and limestone. Doctoral Thesis, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Lausanne, 2013.
ARRUDA JUNIOR, E. S.; BRAGA, N. T. S.; BARATA, M. S. Life cycle assessment to produce LC3 cements with kaolinitic waste from the Amazon region, Brazil. Case Studies in Construction Materials, v. 18, 2023.
ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR ISO 14040 Gestão ambiental - Avaliação do ciclo de vida-Princípios e estrutura. ABNT, 2009.
ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. ABNT NBR ISO 14044 à definição de objetivo e escopo e à análise de inventário. ABNT, 2014.
AVET, F. H. Investigation of the grade of calcined clays used as clinker substitute in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3). Doctoral Thesis, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Lausanne, 2017.
BABATUNDE, A. O.; ZHAO, Y. Q. Constructive approaches toward water treatment works sludge management: An international review of beneficial reuses. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, v. 37, n. 2, p. 129-164, 2007.
BELIZARIO-SILVA, F.; OLIVEIRA, L. A.; JOHN, V. M. Relatório de coleta de dados para o Sistema de Informação do Desempenho Ambiental da Construção: cimento. São Paulo: SIDAC, 2022.
BRETSCHGER, L. Population Growth and Natural-Resource Scarcity: Long-Run Development under Seemingly Unfavorable Conditions. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, v. 115, p. 722–755, 2013.
BRIKI, Y. Maximizing the use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in blended cements. Doctoral Thesis, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Lausanne, 2020.
BUREK, P. et al. Water Futures and Solution Fast Track Initiative-Final Report. IIASA, 2016.
CEMBUREAU. The role of Cement in the 2050 Low Carbon Economy. Bruxelas: CEMBUREAU, 2013.
COLEBATCH, H. How population growth is becoming a game changer in infrastructure. 2018
COMPESA. Abastecimento de Água. 2022.
DAHANNI, H. et al. Life cycle assessment of cement: Are existing data and models relevant to assess the cement industry’s climate change mitigation strategies? A literature review. Construction and Building Materials, v. 411, 2024.
EL HOUSSEINI, S. Hydration and durability of fast hardening binders incorporating supplementary cementitious materials. Doctoral Thesis, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Lausanne, 2022.
GARTNER, E.; HIRAO, H. A review of alternative approaches to the reduction of CO2 emissions associated with the manufacture of the binder phase in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, v. 78, p. 126–142, 2015.
GASTALDINI, A. L. G. et al. The use of water treatment plant sludge ash as a mineral addition. Construction and Building Materials, v. 94, p. 513–520, 2015.
GCCA. GNR Project - Reporting CO2. 2021. Disponível em: https://gccassociation.org/gnr/.
HAGEMANN, S. E. et al. Synergic effects of the substitution of Portland cement for water treatment plant sludge ash and ground limestone: Technical and economic evaluation. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 214, p. 916–926, 2019.
HELLWEG, S.; CANALS, L. M. I. Emerging approaches, challenges and opportunities in life cycle assessment. Science American Association for the Advancement of Science, v. 344, n. 6188, p. 1109-1113, 2014.
HUANG, C. H.; WANG, S. Y. Application of water treatment sludge in the manufacturing of lightweight aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, v. 43, p. 174–183, 2013.
IEA - INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY. Energy Technology Perspectives 2023. IEA Available, 2020.
IEA - INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY, I. Energy Technology Perspectives 2015 - Mobilising Innovation to Accelerate Climate Action. 2015. Disponível em: http://www.iea.org/t&c/.
IZRAEL, Y. A. et al. The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Working Group II contribution. Russian Meteorology and Hydrology. Anais...set. 2007.
LC3. A sustainable alternative for the cement industry. LC3 Project ed. Lausanne: 2023.
LI, G. et al. Properties of cement-based bricks with oyster-shells ash. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 91, p. 279–287, 2015.
LIMA, C. J. F. DE et al. Durability, life cycle cost and life cycle assessment of binary mixtures with fly ash, rice husk ash and concrete demolition waste. Ambiente Construído, v. 22, n. 1, p. 161–177, 2022.
LUCA, A. et al. Life cycle assessment of a new industrial process for sustainable construction materials. Ecological Indicators, v. 148, p. 110042, 2023.
MALACARNE, C. S. et al. Environmental and technical assessment to support sustainable strategies for limestone calcined clay cement production in Brazil. Construction and Building Materials, v. 310, p. 125261, 2021.
MASKURIY, R. et al. Industry 4.0 for the construction industry: Review of management perspective. Economies, v. 7, n. 3, 2019.
MÜLLER, N.; HARNISCH, J. A blueprint for a climate friendly cement industry. Germany: WWF, 2008.
PETROCHE, D. M.; RAMIREZ, A. D. The Environmental Profile of Clinker, Cement, and Concrete: A Life Cycle Perspective Study Based on Ecuadorian Data. Buildings, v. 12, n. 3, 2022.
PINHEIRO, B. C. A.; ESTEVÃO, G. M.; SOUZA, D. P. Lodo proveniente da estação de tratamento de água do município de Leopoldina, MG, para aproveitamento na indústria de cerâmica vermelha. Parte I: caracterização do lodo. Revista Matéria, 2014.
PLAZA, M. G.; MARTÍNEZ, S.; RUBIERA, F. CO2 capture, use, and storage in the cement industry: State of the art and expectations. Energies, v. 13, n. 21, 2020.
RHAOUTI, Y.; TAHA, Y.; BENZAAZOUA, M. Life cycle assessment and industrial synergy for carbon reduction: A circular economy approach. Science of the Total Environment, v. 964, 2025.
RIGON, M. R. et al. CO2 emission assessment for rice husk ash in concrete on environmental approach. Revista AIDIS de Ingeniería y Ciencias Ambientales. Investigación, desarrollo y práctica, v. 14, n. 1, p. 246, 2021.
SALES, A.; DE SOUZA, F. R.; ALMEIDA, F. D. C. R. Mechanical properties of concrete produced with a composite of water treatment sludge and sawdust. Construction and Building Materials, v. 25, n. 6, p. 2793–2798, 2011.
SÁNCHEZ BERRIEL, S. et al. Assessing the environmental and economic potential of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement in Cuba. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 124, p. 361–369, 2016.
SCHNEIDER, M. et al. Sustainable cement production-present and future. Cement and Concrete Research. Cement and Concrete Research, v. 41, n. 7, p. 642-650, 2011.
SCRIVENER, K. et al. Calcined clay limestone cements (LC3). Cement and Concrete Research, v. 114, p. 49–56, 2018.
SCRIVENER, K. L. Options for the future of cement. The Indian Concrete Journal, v. 88, n. 7, p. 11–21, 2014.
SHAIKHOUN, S. et al. Biodesalination performance of Phormidium keutzingianum concentrated using two methods (immobilization and centrifugation). Arabian Journal of Chemistry, v. 15, n. 11, 2022.
SNELLINGS, R. Assessing, understanding and unlocking supplementary cementitious materials. RILEM Technical Letters, v. 1, p. 50–55, 2016.
SNIC. ROADMAP tecnológico do cimento: potencial de redução das emissões de carbono da indústria do cimento brasileira até 2050. Brasília: SNIC, 2019. Disponível em: http://snic.org.br/assets/pdf/roadmap/roadmap-tecnologico-do-cimento-brasil.pdf. Acesso em: 11 mar. 2025.
SOUZA, S. M. C. et al. Desempenho Ambiental da produção dos cimentos ternários à base de argila calcinada e resíduos de mármore. Encontro Nacional de Tecnologia do Ambiente Construído, v. 20, p. 1-12, 2024.
UNITED NATIONS. World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. New York: Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248., 2017.
VIEIRA, A. W. et al. Life cycle assessment in the ceramic tile industry: a review. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, v. 23, p. 3904–3915, 2023.
WBCSD. Cement Technology Roadmap 2009 Carbon emissions reductions up to 2050. 2009
WBCSD. The Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI) Cement Industry Energy and CO2 Performance Getting the Numbers Right (GNR). Genebra, WBCSD, 2016. Disponível em: https://www.wbcsd.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Cement-Industry-Energy-and-CO2-Performance-Getting-the-Numbers-Right-GNR.pdf. Acesso em: 11 mar. 2025
ZUNINO, F. A. S. Limestone calcined clay cements (LC3): raw material processing, sulfate balance and hydration kinetics. Doctoral Thesis, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Lausanne, 2020.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Tacila Bertulino, Marina Cartaxo Braga Morais de Oliveira, Marcos David dos Santos, Antônio Acácio Melo Neto
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
