Analysis of the carbon footprint in the transportation of PVC pipes in the State of Goiás
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46421/sispred.v3.2983Keywords:
PVC pipes, Distribution logistics, Life Cycle AssessmentAbstract
ABSTRACT: PVC is one of the most used thermoplastics in civil construction and therefore requires efficient distribution logistics, taking care of the environment. Therefore, this work analyzed the carbon footprint involved in the process of transporting PVC pipes in the state of Goiás, with the cities of Goiânia, Catalão, Jataí and Porangatu as destinations and a factory in São Paulo as the origin of the route. To achieve the proposed objective, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) modeled by the OpenLCA software and with Ecoinvent v3.5 and Industry Data v2.0 databases was used. Transport distances were collected via Google Maps, using road as a means of transportation. It was verified that the export of one meter of tube emits, on average, 17 kg CO2 and, furthermore, the transport phase can reach a participation greater than 35% in relation to the total emissions of the projected frontier.
Downloads
References
ALSADI, S.; BABAIZADEH, H.; FOSTER, N.; BROUN, R. Environmental and economic life cycle assessment of PEX and copper plumbing systems: A case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 137, pp. 1228-1236, nov. 2016.
ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS (ABNT). NBR ISO 14040: Gestão ambiental – avaliação do ciclo de vida – princípios e estrutura, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, 2014.
BARROS, A.J.S.; LEHFELD, N.A.S Fundamentos de Metodologia Científica. 3ª Edição. São Paulo: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007, 257p.
BONOU et al. Life cycle assessment of Danish pork exports using different cooling technologies and comparison of upstream supply chain efficiencies between Denmark, China and Australia. Journal of Cleaner Production. v. 244, 2020. doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118816
BRASIL. Ministério das Cidades. Programa Setorial da Qualidade. PSQ de tubos e conexões 2022. Disponível em: < https://pbqp-h.mdr.gov.br/psq/tubos-e-conexoes-de-pvc-para-sistemas-hidraulicos-prediais/>. Acesso em: 22 jun. 2022.
BUILDING RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT (BRE). Global Product Category Rules for Type III: environmental product declarations os construction products to EN 15804:2012. Reino Unido. 2012. Disponível em: https://www.bre.co.uk/filelibrary/Materials/BRE-EN-15804-PCR-PN514.rev-0.1.pdf Acesso em: 14 mar. 2022.
CALDAS, L. R.; SPOSTO, R. M. Emissões de CO2 referentes ao transporte de materiais de construção no Brasil: estudo comparativo entre blocos estruturais cerâmicos e de concreto. Ambiente Construído, Porto Alegre, v. 17, n. 4.
DING et al. Life cycle assessment of environmental impacts of cold and hot break tomato paste packaged in steel drums and exported from Xinjia. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, v. 98, 2023. doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2022.106939.
Editorial. ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DA INDÚSTRIA DO PLÁSTICO (Abiplast). Disponível em: http://www.abiplast.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/PERFIL_2021_EN_FINAL.pdf, acessado em jul. 2022.
Editorial. CONFEDERAÇÃO NACIONAL DO TRANSPORTE (CNT). Disponível em: https://cdn.cnt.org.br/diretorioVirtualPrd/0e8733db-0f86-47c2-856b-f296b1a8573f.pdf. Acessado em agosto de 2022.
ESCKILSEN, B. Global PVC markets: threats and opportunities. Additives and Compounding. v. 10, Issue 6, Pages 28-30. 2008. ISSN 1464-391X. doi.org/10.1016/S1464-391X(08)70226-5.
GONG, X. et al. Life Cycle Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emission of Residential Building Designs in Beijing. Journal of Industrial Ecology, v. 16, n. 4, pp. 576-587, 2012.
HUMMELS, D. Transportation Costs and International Trade in the Second Era of Globalization. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 21 (3): 131-154. 2007. DOI: 10.1257/jep.21.3.131
IKP. NL-3: Environmental profile and environmental measures of a concrete external sewer. Intron Report No. 95027. 2003.
IPU. ENTEC UK. Limited. Life cycle assessment of Polyvinyl Chloride and Alternatives: Summary report for consultation. Department of Environment. Transport and the Regions. London Ecobalance. UK, 2000.
MARSON, A.; MANZARDO, A.; PIRON, M.; FEDELE, A.; SCIPIONI, A. Life cycle assessment of PVC - A polymer alloy pipes for the impacts reduction in the construction sector. Chemical Engineering Transactions, v. 86, pp. 721-726, jun. 2021.
MAZZETTO et al. Carbon footprint of New Zealand beef and sheep meat exported to different markets. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. v. 98, 2023. doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2022.106946
NABUT NETO, A.C. Energia Incorporada e Emissões de CO2 de Fachadas: estudo de caso do steel frame para utilização em Brasília, Tese de M. Sc., Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Universi-dade de Brasília, Brasília, Brasil, 2011.
Natural Resources and Infrastructure Division (INECLAC). Notes on Infrastructure and Integration in South America. Disnponivel em: http://www.iirsa.org/admin_iirsa_web/uploads/documents/cap_doc_compilado_curso08y09_eng.pdf. Acesso em: jan. 2023.
NEIRA, D. P. Energy sustainability of Ecuadorian cacao export and its contribution to climate change a case study through product life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production. v. 112-4, 2016. doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.11.003
PALÁCIO, C. D. U. Energia Incorporada de Vedações Para Habitação de Interesse Social Consideran-do-se o Desempenho Térmico: estudo de caso com utilização do Light Steel Frame no Entorno do DF, Tese de M. Sc. Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brasil, 2013.
PENNAFORT JÚNIOR, L. C.G.; SILVA, F. R.; DEUS, E. P. Avaliação e caracterização de tubos fabricados com PVC reciclado. Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia. São Carlos-SP, v. 23, n. 4, p. 547-551. 2013.
PAMU, Y., et al. Life Cycle Assessment of a building using Open-LCA software. Materials today: proceedings. v. 52-3, PP. 1968-1978. 2022.
RODOLFO JUNIOR, A.; NUNES, L. R.; ORMANJI, W. Tecnologia do PVC. Braskem, São Paulo. 2 ed. 2013.
RUIZ-PADILLO, A.; SILVEIRA, A. A.; TORRES, T. B. Sistemas de transporte. LAMOT. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2020.
SILVEIRA, D. T.; CÓRDOVA, F. P. A pesquisa científica. In: GERHARDT, T. E.; SILVEIRA, D. T. Métodos de pesquisa. Porto Alegre: UFRGS, 2009. cap. 02, p. 31-42.
SOLAYMANI, S. CO2 emissions patterns in 7 top carbon emitter economies: The case of transport sector. Energy. v. 168. pp. 989-1001. 2019.
TABORIANSKI, V. M.; PRADO, R. T. A. Methodology of CO2 Emission in the Life Cycle of Office Building Façades. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. v. 33, p. 41-47, 2012.
TILLMAN, A. Significance of decision-making for LCA methodology. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. Volume 20, Issue 1, 2000, ISSN 0195-9255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-9255(99)00035-9.
UGAYA, C. M. L.; ALMEIDA NETO, J. A.; FIGUEIREDO, M. C. B. Recomendação de modelos de Avaliação de Impacto do Ciclo de Vida para o Contexto Brasileiro. Rede de Pesquisa de Avaliação do Impacto do Ciclo de Vida. IBICT, 2019. Disponível em: https://acv.ibict.br/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Relat%C3%B3rio-de-Recomenda%C3%A7%C3%B5es-de-Modelos-de-Avalia%C3%A7%C3%A3o-de-Impacto-para-o-Contexto-Brasileiro.pdf. Acesso em: setembro de 2022.
WIEDEMANN et al. Environmental impacts and resource use of Australian beef and lamb exported to the USA determined using life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production. v. 94, 2015. doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.01.073.
XIONG, J.; ZHU, J.; HE, Y.; REN, S.; HUANG, W.; LU, F. The application of life cycle assessment for the optimization of pipe materials of building water supply and drainage system. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 60, art. no. 102267, 2020.
