A INFLUÊNCIA DO SOMBREAMENTO NA MICROGERAÇÃO DISTRIBUÍDA FOTOVOLTAICA NA ÁREA CENTRAL DA CIDADE DE CHAPECÓ - SC

Abstract

In the current world scenario, there is a shift of the energy matrix from fossil to renewable sources. In Brazil, the electric matrix is primarily dependent on hydroelectric generation, which doesn’t meet the demand in drought periods. Since 2012, distributed microgeneration of electricity has been allowed in Brazil, a compensatory system for the production of energy from renewable sources, where 99% of the systems are photovoltaic. Photovoltaic generation is established by meeting the demands in the dry periods, when Brazil still depends on fossil energy sources. Households accounted for 80% of photovoltaic system production in 2017. Some programs encourage distributed photovoltaic microgeneration, and solar access is essential for this to occur, as photovoltaic systems cease the production from shading. City verticalization increases shading in urban photovoltaic distributed microgeneration systems, especially when installed in singlefamily homes. The lack of legislation guaranteeing solar access can reduce the productivity of these systems in the urban context. This work simulates the influence of shading on photovoltaic generation, from the increase of urban indexes in Chapecó's Master Plan, comparing the potential electric power generation of existing buildings with the resulted generation after shading from the maximum constructive potential. For the purpose of the simulation, the EnergyPlus program was used and the city of Chapecó was chosen due to the increasing verticality in the central area of the city and in the border area of the transition macroarea. The results show that the adoption of maximum indices in the Transition Urban Area presented 55% of the value of photovoltaic generation in the non-vertical scenario. Seasonally, photovoltaic generation for June in the maximum index scenario accounted only 45% of the non-vertical generation value. The increase of the transition macroarea resulted in a significant reduction of the overall annual photovoltaic generation with a more sharp reduction for the winter months