REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA SOBRE AVALIAÇÕES EVOLUTIVAS MULTIOBJETIVO PARA APLICAÇÃO DE PCM EM SIMULAÇÕES COMPUTACIONAIS TERMOENERGÉTICAS

Abstract

Among the problems of the national civil construction, it is possible to highlight the need for mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of the temperature of the internal environments in situations with low levels of thermal capacity in the composition of its closures, especially in the case of light constructions. As one of the circumvention technologies of this situation, phase change materials (PCM), are being used in the composition of buildings in different climatic contexts around the world. The use of pcm as a latent heat store makes its phase change process start from the temperature conditions in which this material is exposed. High temperatures cause the material to enter the melting phase, storing latent heat while it liquefies. Low temperatures cause the material to enter the freezing phase, releasing latent heat to the environment while it solidifies. However, as it is a new technology in the context of national construction, this work aims to present scientific contributions with a focus on the evolutionary computational thermoenergetic simulation process, observing the tested pcm technologies, as well as the computer simulation and artificial intelligence tools adopted in productions that considered the use of these materials in buildings. The main results of the review point to a predominance of the simulation method as an instrument to assess the behavior of PCMs in buildings, in addition to the low number of studies that discuss the subject in Brazil.