Evaluation of the impact of the use of low flow shower heads in the performance of hot water systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46421/sispred.v1i.1576Keywords:
Plumbing systems, Water efficiency, Low flow, Energy efficiency, ScaldingAbstract
ABSTRACT:
The search for efficiency in energy and water use brings new challenges. The technology employed and the measures taken to allow for the reduction of water and energy usage require a systemic approach, where many aspects related to the systems’ performance must be evaluated to verify the risks and benefits of the solution that will be adopted. This paper aims to evaluate the impacts of the usage of low flow showerheads in the hot water mixture process of hot water systems. The research comprises the development of the applicable theoretical reference and a case study done in a hotel in the city of São Paulo. The results show that the usage of low flow shower heads in hot water systems that employ higher hot water temperatures tend to difficult the water mixing process, creating more perceivable temperature fluctuations on the mixed water temperature that causes discomfort to the users. In particular, cases, the conditions create a risk of scalding. Hence, caution is recommended when using low flow showerheads, mainly on systems that employ higher hot water temperature.
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References
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