ANÁLISE DA VENTILAÇÃO NATURAL DE UMA EDIFICAÇÃO MULTIFAMILIAR EM MACEIÓ

Abstract

The concern about reduction of electric energy consumption is constant in the present days, although Brazil is a great producer of energy. One of the most economical and efficient strategies, when compared to other passive thermal conditioning techniques, is natural ventilation. The present study aimed to analyze the performance of natural ventilation in a vertical multifamily dwelling of the Minha Casa Minha Vida Program, located in Maceió-AL, and propose possible design measures, in order to guarantee a satisfactory performance of natural ventilation. It was considered east and southeast incidences winds to qualitatively evaluate the flow of air inside the building, based on the location of its openings. As methodological procedures were used: the climatic characterization of Maceió, the selection and characterization of the case study and, finally, analog simulations in the water table equipment for current scenarios. In view of these simulations, it was verified the need for new openings as a way to better the ventilation performance inside the building. Thus, simulations of proposed scenarios were carried out with these new openings. The results were satisfactory for the study, where it was verified that the insertion of the new openings improved the distribution of the air flow inside the building, benefitting eight of the nine apartments by the natural ventilation. In addition, it was demonstrated the efficiency in the use of windcatchers to direct flow downward or air exhaustion in the roofs of buildings as a solution to better use of natural ventilation. Thus, it was proved that analyzing the possible openings of each housing unit as well of the building as a whole is needed in the design phase, so that possibilities can be studied to obtain a better use of natural ventilation and avoid problems after the construction of the building.