ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO DA GEOMETRIA DE EDIFICAÇÕES RESIDENCIAIS NO DESEMPENHO TÉRMICO

Abstract

The thermal performance of a building is related to the climate in which it is inserted, its envelope and its architectural form. The Brazilian thermal performance standards (NBR 15.220 and NBR 15.575) are based on the current bioclimatic zoning proposed in the norm NBR 15.220-3, developed with emphasis on the evaluation of single-family dwellings of social interest. In the absence of an equivalent zoning for other building types, it has been used extensively for all typologies of buildings in the country. There are few studies about the impact of typology and its geometry on the thermal performance of residential buildings. Therefore, the objective of this article is to evaluate the possible differences in thermal performance between a single-family and multifamily residential typology for the eight bioclimatic zones. For this, two representative models of residential buildings were selected for analysis. The analysis was based on the factorial experiment and on thermal performance simulations using the EnergyPlus program, comparing the behavior of the two residential models and the variables of greater influence on the thermal performance of each of them. The results show that there is a good similarity in the variables of greater influence on the thermal performance of the two typologies, however some differences of thermal behavior between the models are observed. In the case of multifamily building, the largest influence is the building's surrounding area, whereas for the single family house, orientation of the opening presents the main influence on their thermal performance. It is then verified the need to deepen the geometry relation with the thermal performance of these typologies.