PREVISÃO DE DEMANDA URBANA DE ÁGUA: UMA ANÁLISE DO CONSUMO DE ÁGUA EM ESTABELECIMENTOS COMERCIAIS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46421/entac.v17i1.1790Keywords:
Commercial establishments, Water consumption indicators, Forecasting urban water demandAbstract
The Federal District faces water stress since 2016, with alarming low levels of water availability for urban water supply. In order to reduce urban water demand and promote water conservation, it is crucial to understand how water is being used by different types of buildings. This article aims to classify the different commercial activities to identify commercial water consumption indicators in commercial units in the District Federal, and with that, elaborate an urban demand forecast model. The methodology was based on the composition of a representative model that consists of a quantitative survey, number of samples, characterization of the typology (population, areas, activities developed, etc.) and water demand for the creation of a land consumption indicators (l/p/d, l/m²/d, etc.). The indicators creation are important to design building systems and monitoring the evolution of consumption in commercial activities. It was found, as a result, that the best variable of consumption corresponds the total of population in commercial activities. In addition, analyses of correlation and regression showed that all independent variables affect water demand.
References
ALVARES, Karla; SANT'ANA, Daniel. Reduções na exploração de recursos hídricospelo emprego de tecnologias conservadoras de água: uma análise piloto emregiões residenciais do Distrito Federal: Desafios e Perspectivas daInternacionalização da Construção. In: ENTAC, 16., 2016, São Paulo. Anais... . PortoAlegre: ANTAC, 2016, p. 4372 - 4385. Disponível em:<http://www.infohab.org.br/entac/2016/ENTAC2016_paper_696.pdf>. Acesso em: 03fev. 2018.
BILLINGS, R.B.; JONES, C.V. Forecasting urban water demand. 2ª ed. Denver: AWWA,2008. 350p.
DZIEGIELEWSKI, B.; KIEFER, J.C.; OPITZ, E.M.; PORTER, G.A.; LANTZ, G.L.; DEOREO, W.B.;MAYER, P.W.; NELSON, J.O. Commercial and Institutional End Uses of Water. Denver:AWWA Research Foundation, 2000. 298p.
INDICADORES IBGE: Pesquisa Mensal de Comércio. Brasil: IBGE, mar. 2016. Mensal.Disponível em:<ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Comercio_e_Servicos/Pesquisa_Mensal_de_Comercio/Fasciculo_Indicadores_IBGE/pmc>. Acesso em: 07 jun. 2017.
KIM, J.R. McCUEN, R.H. Factors for predicting commercial water use. Journal of theAmerican Water Resources Association, v.15, n.14, p. 1073-1080, 1979.
LYNNE, G.; W. LUPPOLD; C. KIKER. Water Price Responsiveness of CommercialEstablishments. Water Resources Bulletin v.14 n.3 p.719-729, 1978.
MORALES, M.A.; HEANEY, J.P.; FRIEDMAN, K.R.; MARTIN, J.M. Estimating commercial,industrial and institutional water use on the basis of heated building area. JournalAWWA, v.103, n. 6, p.84-96, 2011.
MORALES, M.A.; HEANEY, J. Classification, benchmarking, and hydroeconomicmodeling of nonresidential water users. Journal AWWA, v.106, n. 12, p.550-560, 2014.
MOTTA, Sandro de Almeida; SANCHEZ, Jorge Gomez. Diagnóstico e parametrizaçãodo consumo de água em padarias da RMSP. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DEENGENHARIA SANITÁRIA E AMBIENTAL, 21., 2001, Rio de Janeiro. Anais do 21ºCongresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro: Abas,2001. p. 1 - 13. Disponível em: <http://docplayer.com.br/16084659-I-036-diagnosticoe-parametrizacao-do-consumo-de-agua-em-padarias-da-rmsp.html>. Acesso em:20 maio 2018.
REVISTA FECOMÉRCIO-DF. SESC, SENAC e Instituto Fecomércio. Brasília: Fecomérciodf,n. 215, maio 2016.
-useconsumption in the Federal District, Brazil. Sustainable Water Resources Management,v.3, p.1-16, 2017.
TOMAZ, P. Previsão de consume de água: interface das instalações prediais deágua e esgoto com serviços públicos. São Paulo: Navegar Editora, 2000. 250p.
TSUTIYA, M.T. Abastecimento de água. 3ª ed. São Paulo: Departamento deEngenharia Hidráulica e Sanitária da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de SãoPaulo, 2006. 643p.
White S.B.; Fane S.A. Designing cost effective water demand management programsin Australia. Water Science and Technology, v. 46, n. 6-7, p. 225-232. 2002.
